Basic, i excluded instances diagnosed with blood pressure from the baseline mainly because participants was prone to change their fat loss patterns immediately after seeing exposure
After draining the bladders, the participants sat privately for over five minutes. Their blood circulation pressure are measured using a great calibrated mercury sphygmomanometer by the an experienced health nurse following the a standard techniques. The participants put their right sleeve from inside the an effective cuff airbag, mentioned at the very least step one min between tracks. I laid out blood pressure people who have a mean regarding SBP ? 140 mmHg, an indicate regarding DBP ? 90 mmHg, or providing antihypertensive procedures depending on the guidance getting stopping and you may treating blood pressure in the China (2010) 23 . Diabetes and you will myocardial infarction have been laid out based on care about-declaration regarding analysis because of the a physician in public areas healthcare facilities above the condition level. The players ought to provide the brand new certification regarding all forms of diabetes or myocardial infarction. Investigators must be certain that new person’s medical diagnosis out-of evidence and you will query all the questions ‘Possess a health care provider actually ever given you the diagnosis of all forms of diabetes?
Has actually a health care professional previously considering you the medical diagnosis off myocardial infarction? Treatment have fun with is laid out based on the participants’ self-statement, where investigators need to inquire the participants next inquiries: ‘Have you been bringing anti-blood circulation pressure medications? Do you make use of the dental treatments, injection out-of insulin, Chinese conventional medication, otherwise homemade remedies to alleviate diabetic issues? According to the direction on prevention and remedy for bloodstream lipids during the Chinese grownups (2006), people just who satisfied one or more of your own pursuing the criteria: (1) TC ? six. We together with believed almost every other fat reduction covariates, such as for instance overall diet time, time, grain, meat, fruit, vegetables, saturated fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acidic, cereal fiber, Na, K, and you may cholesterol consumption, while the surrogates to deal with prospective fat loss confounding.
Statistical study
The fresh new cumulative mediocre consumption off calcium supplements, magnesium, and you will lumen dating phosphorus are computed to minimize within this-individual adaptation and therefore get an educated estimate of one’s long-name consumption. Person-numerous years of pursue-upwards for each new member was in fact computed since interval amongst the go out away from finishing of your own standard survey and also the end out-of follow-right up (the brand new date of the history check out or even the go to away from stroke diagnosis), any kind of came earliest. The chance speed is actually computed by splitting how many cases by the individual-many years of realize-up. The multivariate Cox proportional danger models were utilized to imagine new danger percentages (HR) and you will 95% rely on menstruation (95% CI) of making coronary arrest according to dieting calcium, magnesium, and you can phosphorus intake using the lowest quartile given that source classification. About Cox proportional problems activities, the p to have trend is carried out by the modeling this new median of the classes discussed by for every single quartile due to the fact an ongoing changeable.
We first performed statistical interaction tests between dietary intakes of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and other baseline characteristics (Table 1). We used the Kolmogorov-Sminov test to test the normality of all variables. We outlined the baseline characteristics of the participants. We used the t-test for the continuous variables with normal distribution to test for differences and trends between groups. The non-parametric test is applied to the continuous variables with non-normal distribution, and the chi-square test is used for the classified variables. Then, we categorize the three-day average intakes of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus into four levels. We constructed three sequential models to estimate the effect of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus intakes on stroke. Model 2 further added baseline sociodemographic and lifestyle factors such as urbanization index, education, household income, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and medication use into the multivariable analysis. Model 3 additionally adjusted for dietary factors including energy (kcal/d), whole grain (g/d), red meat (g/d), fruits (g/d), vegetables (g/d), saturated fatty acid (g/d), polyunsaturated fatty acid (g/d), cereal fiber (g/d), Na (mg/d), K (mg/d) and cholesterol (g/d) 24,25,26 . To further analyze which factors would affect the relationship between the exposure and outcome, we conducted stratified analyses by age at baseline (< 60 and ? 60 years), sex (man and woman), smoking (never and ever), drinking (never and ever), BMI (< 24, 24–28 and > 28 kg/m 2 ), hypertension, diabetes, and Myocardial infarction. The likelihood ratio test was used to assess the interactions of cross-product terms. The proportional hazards assumption for dietary calcium, magnesium, phosphorus Intakes, and other covariates was checked by Schoenfeld’s residuals, and no violation was found (P > 0.05). Besides, we performed sensitivity analyses to verify the robustness of the primary results. Second, we repeated the analysis using the non-adjusted person-time from the date of the first visit to the time of the most recent visit of stroke diagnosis or to the end of follow-up, whichever came first. Third, we included dyslipidemia as a sensitivity analysis, which confirmed the robustness of our findings to some degree. Tests for trends across dietary intake categories were conducted by modeling the median value in each quartile as a continuous variable in each model. All statistical analyses were performed with STATA version 14.0. All P-values were two-sided, and P < 0.05 was considered to statistical significance.